Gut health is an extremely important issue for the longevity of live. If your digestive system is out of sync you wont digest foods properly, absorb vitamins and minerals, and regulate the immune system. These examples are only scratching the surface of its importance.
Here is an excerpt from Paleo hacks
What Can Affect Gut Flora
There are several things that can harm a healthy digestive gut flora like chronic stress, diets low in fermentable fibers, diets high in processed foods, too much dietary fiber, carbohydrates, and sugars, chronic infections, dietary toxins like industrial seed oils and wheat, and medicines like birth control, antibiotics, and non-steroidal anti-inflammatories (NSAIDs).
In particular, antibiotics are especially harmful.
Probably the most disturbing thing is that gut flora doesn’t automatically regenerate after you damage it. You have to actively work to restore it.
How to Regain or Restore a Bio-Diverse Gut Flora
If you’ve damaged your gut, or never had great flora in the first place, you probably want to make it your priority now. You’ll probably have to follow a multi-step process that includes dietary intervention, probiotic supplements, and detoxification.